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Incertidumbre por desaceleración económica

Aseguran analistas

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Ciudad de México. – La evolución del Poder Judicial en México se ha convertido en un nuevo factor de incertidumbre institucional que podría mantenerse al menos hasta 2026, año en que se conocerán con mayor claridad los efectos de las reformas impulsadas por el nuevo gobierno.

A esta incertidumbre se suma el desafío de la consolidación fiscal, ya que el déficit ampliado —actualmente en 5.7 por ciento del Producto Interno Bruto (PIB)— deberá reducirse hacia un rango de entre 3.9 y 4 por ciento, una meta que podría resultar compleja ante un contexto de crecimiento económico en deterioro.

“Estimamos que el déficit fiscal para este año se mantendrá elevado, en torno al 5.3 por ciento del PIB”, señaló Julio Ruiz, analista económico. Añadió que, aunque la actividad económica se muestra débil, la inflación se ha comportado de manera moderada, lo que abre margen para que el Banco de México continúe con el ciclo de recortes a su tasa de interés.

Actualmente, la tasa de referencia de Banxico se mantiene en niveles considerados restrictivos, lo cual —según Ruiz— no se justifica si la tendencia de desaceleración inflacionaria persiste. Para 2025, se proyecta una inflación general de 3.9 por ciento y una subyacente de 3.7 por ciento; mientras que para 2026 se anticipan niveles de 3.7 y 3.6 por ciento, respectivamente.

Bajo este escenario, se prevé que Banxico pueda llevar la tasa de interés hasta 6.25 por ciento hacia el cierre de 2026, mientras que la Reserva Federal de Estados Unidos podría realizar hasta cinco recortes durante el mismo periodo, situando su tasa en 3.25 por ciento.

En otro frente, Felipe Juncal estimó que el remanente bruto de operación del Banco de México en 2024 fue equivalente a 3 por ciento del PIB. Sin embargo, el instituto central deberá destinar 2 puntos del PIB a compensar pérdidas acumuladas de años anteriores, lo que dejaría un remanente neto de 0.5 por ciento del PIB —equivalente a aproximadamente 175 mil millones de pesos— para ser transferido al gobierno federal.

Con esta transferencia, el déficit fiscal del sector público podría ubicarse finalmente en torno al 4.5 por ciento del PIB, aún por encima del rango objetivo, pero con un leve margen de maniobra fiscal para el cierre del año.

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[ FINANZAS ]

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on

Con información de El Economista

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Con este ajuste, el banco central suma 400 puntos base de reducción en un ciclo de 12 movimientos iniciado en marzo de 2024, marcado por ocho recortes de 0.25 puntos y cuatro más de 0.50.

Banxico indicó que continuará evaluando los efectos de los factores que inciden en la inflación, a fin de mantener la tasa en niveles que permitan la convergencia ordenada hacia la meta de 3%.

En su informe, el instituto central realizó cambios moderados a sus previsiones de inflación: mantuvo la expectativa general en 3.6% para el cierre del tercer trimestre, pero ajustó a la baja su estimación anual de 3.6% a 3.5% para finales de 2025.

En contraste, elevó la proyección de inflación subyacente —considerada la más estable al excluir precios volátiles— a 4.1% para el último trimestre del año, frente al 4% estimado previamente.

Para 2026, Banxico prevé que la inflación regrese al objetivo de 3%, mientras el mercado se mantiene atento a futuros movimientos de la tasa en función de las presiones inflacionarias y el desempeño económico global.

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[ FINANZAS ]

Refrescos y cigarros, los más golpeados por los nuevos impuestos “saludables”

Para el Paquete Económico 2026

Published

on

Ciudad de México. – El Paquete Económico 2026 llegó acompañado de un fuerte golpe al bolsillo de los consumidores: el aumento de precios en productos de alto consumo como refrescos y cigarros.

La medida forma parte de los llamados “impuestos saludables”, presentados por la Secretaría de Hacienda y Crédito Público (SHCP), con los que el gobierno busca recaudar más recursos y, al mismo tiempo, desincentivar hábitos nocivos para la salud.

De acuerdo con lo expuesto por el titular de Hacienda, Edgar Amador, estos nuevos gravámenes no solo buscan reducir el consumo de bienes considerados dañinos para la población, sino también fortalecer la estructura tributaria y generar ingresos adicionales que se destinarán a proyectos de seguridad, salud, educación e infraestructura.

El alza más drástica: refrescos casi al doble

El mayor incremento recae sobre las bebidas azucaradas, particularmente los refrescos. El IEPS pasará de 1.6451 pesos a 3.0818 pesos por litro, lo que representa un aumento del 87%.

La justificación de Hacienda es que el consumo de refresco en México es “elevado” y está estrechamente vinculado con la obesidad —que afecta al 76.2% de los adultos mayores de 20 años—, así como con enfermedades como diabetes, padecimientos cardiacos, cáncer y trastornos metabólicos.

Cigarros: incremento histórico en impuestos

Otro de los productos más castigados son los cigarros. El impuesto ad valorem subirá de 160% a 200%, con un esquema de aumentos graduales que se extenderá hasta 2030.

Además, la medida aplicará también para bolsas de nicotina y cigarros artesanales, en cuyo caso la tasa específica crecerá 32%. Según cifras de Hacienda, el consumo de tabaco provoca cada año la muerte de más de 63 mil personas en México, principalmente por cáncer de pulmón, EPOC y enfermedades cardiovasculares.

Otros rubros con impuestos saludables

Aunque refrescos y cigarros acaparan la atención por ser productos de consumo masivo, los impuestos también alcanzan a otros sectores:

  • Videojuegos violentos: aumento del 8% en precios digitales.
  • Casas de apuestas en línea: nuevo gravamen del 30% al 50% sobre el monto total de cada transacción.

El trasfondo de la medida

Hacienda defiende que los “impuestos saludables” son un instrumento con fines extrafiscales para corregir patrones de consumo dañinos, aunque en la práctica, el efecto inmediato será un encarecimiento para millones de mexicanos que consumen refrescos y cigarros de manera cotidiana.

El debate está abierto: mientras el gobierno habla de salud pública y recaudación, los consumidores anticipan un fuerte impacto directo en su economía diaria.

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[ FINANZAS ]

Bolsas mexicanas cierran semana con ganancias

Impulsadas por panorama en EE.UU.

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Ciudad de México.– Las bolsas de valores en México concluyeron la jornada de este viernes con avances, acumulando su segunda sesión consecutiva al alza y cerrando la semana con ganancias, en línea con los mercados internacionales que reaccionaron de manera positiva al panorama de política monetaria en Estados Unidos.

El S&P/BMV IPC, principal índice de la Bolsa Mexicana de Valores (BMV) que concentra a las emisoras más negociadas del país, registró un incremento de 0.96%, colocándose en las 59,225.48 unidades.

Por su parte, el FTSE BIVA, de la Bolsa Institucional de Valores, también avanzó 1.03%, cerrando en 1,186.87 puntos.

Los inversionistas mantuvieron el optimismo tras las señales de que la Reserva Federal podría moderar el rumbo de su política monetaria, lo que favoreció el apetito por activos de mercados emergentes como México.

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